originally from columbus, ohio and now residing in new york city, myungho choi issues four new tracks on a touch of class. on these four dizzying tracks, choi again powers his stampeding funk grooves, ecstatic voices, and somersaulting rhodes melodies with classic soul bass lines. his stoked mix of soul, jazz, and house proves exhilarating in the steaming strutter lovin you today and high velocity disco anthem shakin bricks. less aerodynamic and earthier by comparison, the low slung party funk groove in how long till dawn would sound perfectly at home in a parliament funkadelic set, especially when voices chant shake and havin fun and horns blaze over a steaming stomp. the closer we aint leaving revisits the benson funk style of moment by moment by looping a guitar vocal fragment over a relentless minimal disco pulse. this ep. is without a doubt a true disco house infection and a definite one for the dance floor, which is not to be missed.

the a side kicks off with the highly anticipated release of party all night from french producers bobby and klein, chanting we gonna party all night over an infectious groove that kicks things off proper! the a2 follows party all night with nashvilles real time hand motion hitting us with their amazing honey tune. all the trademark rthm cuts, edits, and vocal bits come together to deliver a funky analog bassline jam with a really unique dancefloor jam. on the flip, mebourne, australias d t3ch turns in the gorgeously funky meerkat music, a tune thats been killing danceloors and a vocal that puts a smile on everybodys face. not to be missed! and last but not least, label bosses the sound republic deliver a tongue in cheek tribute to jason hodges with a chopped up tracky jam that jacks through rolling pianos, xylophopne backed with a bass bit that is humanly impossible not to dance to. all in all, the 4 piece set ep is kicking off the new year in style!

remember tullum combines slick guitar licks, rolling breakbeats and a warming bassline. flipping over and the equally as classy water goes for a stepping drum beat with light percussive touches and an effortless vocal that slides in and out of the mix while the bass notes soothe your soul as you dance your ass off. classic ac business.

frank kvitta doesn t stop, that s for sure, and this fourth release on his label is kick-ass! patrick dsp (fine audio, hydraulix, hardsignal) and misstress are responsible for the first track >fucked<. frank kvitta himself remixes >fucked< for the second track on the a-side and both patrick dsp and misstress dropped a track on the b-side. hardtechno lovers, this is a must have!

for their latest effort, einzelkind aka arno völker and miguel ayala teamed up with douglas greed for ice 1656 ep. in a1 >la belle<, a rolling, woodblock rhythm sets the scene for the abstracted keyboard tones which cluster around the track’s middle, cranking up the drama and throwing the bottom-line bass throb sharp relief, ahead of the dirty, flanged synth line that’ll gleefully force any dancefloor into submission. >la belle<’s beauty lies in its simplicity - einzelkind and douglas greed use a small, well-chosen assortment of percussive and melodic elements to create a wonderfully tense, propulsive club track with not even a hint of flab about it. for b1 >ed the optician<, the trio inject a bit of funk into proceedings. it’s a slinky little number, characterised by an expanding and contracting, analogue-sounding synth-line, woodwind samples and a bouncy, morse-code bassline, together making for a warm, groving track that will work well in warm-up and peak-time sets alike, not to mention at home. b2 >squirls in a bathtub< is a similarly supple, funk-fuelled cut, driven by haunting, almost animal-like noises and which mutate into wiry acid lines while the aquatic bass drum, hissing shaker and press

prepare for some bonus beats from john spring, following his last year’s fabulously striking >ready to broadcast< (sus_66). from the start >skychef< is bleeping and clonking along with a bold carelessness, until the sprouting bass growth spreads a still dry, but irresistible drive, whose modulated bursts are there to cause joyfully puzzled faces on the dancefloor - john spring in grand condition! the remix of veteran whizz-kid dan curtin adds a full ladle of truthful techno on top. the bustling american celebrates the foundations of the genre with the aid of classic hypnosis and a solidly rolling bass footing, and proves to be the perfect add-on to the lightfooted original.

karmarouge is back on the block with the final chapter of this outstanding remix project. armed with vegetable samples, a sequenzer and a hand-held blender, its up to anja schneider, frank martiniq and sian to show the world how to brew a large portion of minimal techno out of ginger, leek and onions, how to buzz the pumpkin bass and cook a delicate celery soup.

homewreckers - close your eyes til the morning the amazing success of their last release >its about time< challenged the homewreckers to push their sound a little further out. >close your eyes til the morning< is hardcore groove with a great, burning synth bass that funks along until new york singer dennis legree brings some excitement to the proceedings with his tremendous voice. its pure underground deep house - intense, abstract and dramatic. no wonder that felix da housecat and marshall jefferson supported those guys when they were teenagers! a vital alternative to the melodic clichés and rhythmic orthodoxy of the electronic music mainstream. langenbergs remix gets the b-side under way. backed up by a strong beat it rolls steadily ahead with unflagging propulsion. next up is >hot hot hot<, an exciting up-tempo number which gives kemo another opportunity to show his lyrical feeling while >smile< slows down the pace easing into a down-home hip-hop affair. this is the second of four records representing the vinyl collectors edition of the homewreckers forthcoming album >american ruhr<

the follow up to model specific is a heavy slab of dub techno. a heavyweight bass coupled with spaced out fx, loads of reverb and delay, mad robot voices and a healthy dose of rastafarian wisdom.

gunjack & matt k strike back on the 64th release on this massive techno imprint! a serious beats extravaganza that will test your eardrums on how much bass you can handle. dirty beats, dirty samples, serious techno with a hiphop flavour..

this is the long awaited first e.p. release from loungins very own trevor loveys & chris belsey aka li ll bo tweak, with pressin on - a real jacker which captures the sound of the moment & will be one for anyone who is feeling the dubsided, speaker junk & made to play sound. next up is bring it on down, another 80s boogie...

the first single from the album last night, this futuristic hip hop track features smokey and s.o. simple of nigerian hip hop group 419 squad and aynzli. includes remixes by general midi and drop the lime!! not to be missed

the next smash hit and title track from ben monos last years album comes with vocals by female miami bass crew yo majesty. brand new remixes by uk bassline terrorists loose cannons and lorenz rhode in hip house stylee. also including an electro punk remix of midnight sun by dibaba.

first & very cool release of a new artist from the hot barcelona electronic scene!! a must have! with you re not in this movie, matus delivers us pure heavnly electronic pleasure. plays: francesco farfa, toni bass (deux), eric entrena, julio navas from fresco records, david gausa from sutil records and also from radio shows like siglo 21 and radio stations loke flash fm or maxima fm.

the title track made a brief appearance last year, garnering spins from the likes of fergie on radio 1. its now primed for full release, retaining its cool stuttering bleeped out hook atop a strident bassline thats designed to make sure no one can physically stand still, whether they want to or not. its also catchy as fuck. mike healey drops a cleaner remix that techs it out some, the first third or so of the track just twitters, phased sounds and hints at whats to come. its 1.00am central trip material until that bass finally implodes. are we alone? is a deeper closing cut, with suitably zoned out vocal samples and more electro tech shenanigans, making for a near essential ep for those who like it dark and trippy.

matteo spedicati & joseph capriati are among the new breed of italian techno producers, the funkiest shit from this part of the world. both work together for the first time, with a debut for cmykmusik that is a breath of fresh air, all dirty and groovy. >giallo canarino< starts where it ends, in the dancefloor, delivering techno that will hammer all your senses with the joy of the unexpected. changes, mutations, explosions... the 3 tracks are all about rhythm and bass, kicking asses all the way long. if you dont move it with these guys you better ask for help... this is the freshest, funkiest and wildest techno of the year.. no doubts.

bad landing is a throbbing mass of dub reduction fuelled by all the space and compression the very capable hands over at dubplates and mastering managed to cram into one side of vinyl. beyond the gargantuan bass weight you find yourself in the presence of a towering valve organ, a looped refrain slowly opening up to reveal a hook thats as catchy as it is incongruous. the a side is substantially more robust and propulsive, fine matallic dollar constructing itself out of sparse percussion and an elongated bassline thats as warm and destructive as you could possibly imagine. the chords here are gnarly and disfigured, slowly disintegrating into an oscillating wave of late night wonkiness that finds mr stott exploring yet another stylistic side street, emerging once again with his own utterly individual sound.

you re the one is the first single taken from his forthcoming album as high as the sky which will be released on wagon repair in may. baby you re the one is fast out of the blocks with racing percussion and a plunging bass loop. a piercing metallic tone encircles a distorted vocal sample as subtle melodies rise to the surface of the mix, steadily intensifying to climax. on the flip side, crackbeat is a darker animal. kindling wild percussion carries an eerily distant key melody that supports a rich synth siren. teeming with activity, the synth melody is trailed by bubbling bass tones as a feral percussive drive chases to close.

diamond series volume 2 has two a sides classics reworked into 2008 killers by two of d&bs leading dancefloor producers. twisted individual skanks out tear the roof off with bassline carnage and a bouncing funk groove. from the 36th chamber dj vapour remixes tabletop adding his unmistakable bass grime and deep textures.

loco dice chart no 1 !! bnd2 sums up the playful and eclectic vibe of andomat 3000. shuffling shakers, jazz snares and a superbly funky upright-bass all play off each other to create a distinctive floor burning groove of the highest order. incl cool kiki remix (bpitch control)

tuomi, as well as stefan goldmanns 1st ever production for a band! tuomi is a trio of voice, piano and double bass, lead by singer kristiina tuomi. touring the globe from europe to bahrain to south korea, tuomi perform a unique blend of superb songwriting and acoustic chamber composition. for their macro debut, the trio is joined by live strings and an array of electronics, synths and drum machines, taking their signature concept to the dancefloor in full effect. the result is stunningly adventurous house music. the title track >expense of spirit< comes with a mind blowing bass line, acting as a catchy counterpoint to the deep acoustic chords and strings. the b side also holds a minimalistic dub version. >mourning eyes< and >expense miniature< reach far beyond the dancefloor, being another prime example of macros experimental direction. a pioneering four track ep showcasing what should be possible at the junction of acoustic and electronic music today. tuomi are: kristiina tuomi - voice carsten daerr - piano carlos bica - double bass featuring: margherita biederbick - violin hannah klein - viola stefan goldmann - synth bass, drum machines, processing

reggie b has been working on music by himself since beginning of his career. but in 2007 he was suddenly gotten attention in the new school beat scene via myspace, had been airplayed from opinion leaders like benji b and gilles peterson, then just put out his solo debut album go. this is first of 2 ep series off from the album. we r here is produced by the instrument genius, motor citys best kept secret saadiq, the 1/2 of platinum pied pipers, who is also going to drop his first solo joint from circulations. reggie b delivers the next level mid west funkiness over the detroit manner head banging of this tight minimal beat. on this intergalactic p funk biz, japanese beat trio super smoky soul twisted with opposite direction of arrangement into dreamy hip hop psychedelia. for all the beat geeks they serve another track of doper spaced out beat cosmos as re edit. including a bonus song of the album title song go, the manifesto of his music with sick bass & beats by lenny d, the producer of innatesounds. from 4lux recordings, reggie b also released another project future music with slum village drummer daru recently

phil kieran is back again with >missp< on cocoon recordings and continues consistently where he stopped with his contribution to the compilation g: groovy, dark, technoid – a sound that, from time to time, reminds of some fog & strobo parties in the mid-nineties. an electroid bass line and a fascinating drum roll go straight ahead and its still the fine sounds in between that make the music and the rhythm. a track which is perfect for the prime time

in 2007 tom dazing established himself as one of the most up and coming artists of belgium. at just 21 years of age he can count richie hawtin, josh wink, james zabiela, marco bailey, ambivalent, gabriel ananda, seth troxler, dominik eulberg, skoozbot and many more to his supporters. toms first heimatmelodie-ep was sold out after 3 days so its about time for more insane minimalism! the ep is opened by >sweet lady luck smiles<, a deep and dark sub-bass-mover featuring one of the filthiest synths you ever heard. quite contrary is >pun intended<, a quirky and uplifting party-mover destined to cause major damage on your primetime-dancefloor. the b-side offers 2 deeper tracks, the original of >visually hungry< is a hypnotic and slowly building groove-track, while arnaud le texier delivers a truly mental and dark technointerpretation. toms trademark outstanding sound quality shines through on all the tracks and finally turns this package into a musthave. all tracks written and produced by tom van der kelen

incl great john selway dub-techno remix.. the second installment on forward think label hej records is a special collaboration between label owners punisher ( michelle herrmann ) and john overfiend ( matt caputo ). the title track thermal underwear begins with a hypnotic melody that envelopes you and the lush atmospheric synths float over, as if preparing you for the coming bass storm. the minimal yet driving, chunky shuffled beats hit hard and your body moves to the infectious rhythm.

the second installment from new british techno label. mutate to survive, brings us man of the minute … calvertron ! if you have missed the hype , calvertron is the man behind some of 2007s biggest remixes on the ministry of sound label, alongside other releases on reknowned electro labels such as funktion and freek recordings. dj plays have come from many big names such as bass kleph, eric prydz and pete tong.. calvertrons use of intelligent bass edits and tricks, and glitchy pumping drums has become unmistakable, and on this e.p. he goes slightly further into the land of techno, with beautifully crisp production and driving basslines. 2007 lit the fuse for calvertron, and 2008 will see him explode dancelfoors all over the world

as on his first 12inch hidden structure ep, finland based producer rasmus hedlund is delivering his follow up with uplifting, energetic and ass shakin future electronic music. the opener >tasureitten jaelkeen< is a combination of the deepness of house and the direct drive and aggressiveness of the monetanous techno sound, stirred up with that special, classic and timeless feeling while the a2 takes the vibe harder with layers of pacy minimal soaked rhythms by remixer uemit akauna and his fresh mixing gives this track a real big system bass edge. on the flip we have kolinator, a more percussive tool and the b2 skuuges taas. all four tracks are aimed squarely at the dancefloor, with straight forward 4/4 beats driving through raw synth stabs, minimal percussion and deep bass - a clear-cut killer groove record which nails the crowd to the floor!

tight beats, driving bass and awesome production are the mark of this producers output and this 12inch is no different. vortex is a dancefloor bassline roller of the highest order! dj support on this release has come from chirs.su, concord dawn, state of mind, subwave among others.

oliver giacomotto, well known for releases on iturnum, patterns and primate strikes back with this dance floor-oriented e.p. bassmachine ia a percussive track with funky melodious bass lines while madness provides a perfect equilibrium with its harder sawing sound. oliver is a well sought after producer and you will be hearing much more from him in the near future.

bay area dj remixes sf band dem suite, with some off kilter drums and powerful, surging bass. b side has that boom bap steez, perfect for your lounge or downtempo set. featuring dem suites singer and a guest verse from animate objects czar absolute.

veteran producer blame steps up once more on mampi swifts charge recordings imprint to deliver another strong 12incher! complete with his own unique take on contemporary dancefloor drum & bass!!

continuing far outs 7inch series, joyce scats her way over two high octane bossas with an unmistakable feminina-style sound. this 7inch features an exclusive version of feijao com arroz - a track from joyces forthcoming cd yet here with a scorching bassline that differs from the album version and will ensure the tune gets flipped by those djs who know the damage a bass led bossa groove can do to a dancefloor. feijao com arroz - rice and beans - might be the simplest of brazilian dishes yet this track is a master class in samba jazz. joyce and her banda blend the basic ingredients of bass, drums, guitar and vocals into a rhapsodic groove that sounds like it could be a lost classic from seminal joyce albums such as feminina or tardes cariocas. joyce weaves a web of sonorous guitar work in between tuttys frenetic cymbal work as her scat lifts the tune high whilst a driving bassline pushes the groove low, surely putting feijao com arroz up there with the likes of aldeia de ogum and feminina. on the flipside lies penalty, a live favourite from joyces recent japanese tour. again on paper the ingredients look simple - bass, drums, guitar and vocals - yet in the hands of joyce and co the elements are blended together to create a celestial slice of spiritual jazz dance guaranteed to lift even the weariest of souls.

minority music follows up a string of strong releases with this dope 2 tracker from label boss hector moralez & floridas hottest new talent latenight society. the original has all the elements we love of moralezs previous work on labels like hudd traxx & robsoul, combine that with latenights nu skool sound and the result is a sure fire dance floor hit. slick soul cuts and synthy stabs along with a dangerous bass line make the a side a must have. jt donaldsons on remix duties under his jtilla alias and lives up to his reputation as one of the best in the business. jts solid signature beats accompanied by deep disco vibes are sure to keep the heads nodding...

the first in a two-part sampler series from the sound republics highly respected chicago-based spatulacity. the a-side kicks off with a funky-as-hell piano jam by hollands tommy largo with a killer bass groove that is certain to get dancefloors whipped in to a frenzy, and the a2 delivers just as well. >barnyard announcement< by melbourne, australias house prodigies lamanex is a pumping, funny tongue-in-cheek jacker that bounces relentlessly and has been drawing incredible reactions from dancefloors worldwide! flip the record over and check chicago newcomers scrubfish laurences >disco papacy< cut for maximum booty-swhaking satsfaction! this track has it all: interesting drum breaks and super-crisp beats, chopped-up instrumental bits that kick the energy up further, and an unforgettable vocal. last but not least the uks sound diggers turn in a fantastic deep-but-still-jackin tune that really rounds the record out with the funky horn and guitar bits sitting on top of a great groove.

nice price deal !!! first up is overload, which is a storming melodic breaks track that was inspired by the melodies of trance and combined with the banging beats & booming bass that characterizes the nu skool breaks sound

the 2nd release from this fresh eskimo prodigy, right from the beautiful area of tuscany. choosing vintage analog synthesizers next to real instruments such as guitars and an electric bass, simone manages to perfectly sculpt his deep and original sound, mixing funk, italian disco, house and synth pop.

next strike on go!freitag, and this time with highly recommended tracks from no one less than carl sagan, who left his marks with amazing released on zenit during the last year. again its shakin like hell and the friday mix has only one description: bass-monster! the flipside again the more groovy, minimalistic side for saturday as you remember: friday = techno, saturday = house ,-)

nice price deal !!! killer punk-funk/new wave 12 inch featuring the sao paulo based group tetine along with a wicked reworking on the css remix, tetines music is a mixture of raw punky energy and attitude mixed with bass-heavy dance music

another impeccable production from the slyde boys, with driving beats, infections vocals, and outstanding remix by man of the moment twocker. the a side is breaks at its best. the bassline weaves its way through the sonic stack as posh seduces with her flirtatious lyrics. an outstanding remix comes courtesy of pete tong faves twocker, whose previous remix skills have run riot on cj bollands sugar is sweeter and morillos we like to move it. their genre crossing slyde remix hits all the house buttons, with a jumping jack intro and intense punchy bass lines which juxtapose perfectly with poshs vocals.

ultraphat 4 track hardtechno ep, with nice drum & bass parts and nice melodies inside

supported by john digweed, pawas, jeff samuel, adam kroll, dubnitzky, monoroom, h.o.s.h., mollono.bass, elektrodrei, jakob seidensticker&lexgold !! and again the ostwind-crew presents new artists on their limited series. on the a-side we have the up comming artists daniel solar (known from his excellent remix-work for marc depulse s “kein kind von traurigkeit” on ostwind013) with his production partner marc poppcke aka solar & poppcke. they deliver a stunnig melancholic journey between electrofied techhouse and neo-trance with some neo-pop influences. on the b-side we welcome roberto rodriguez, known from his projects “future beat investigators”, “bermuda” or “track n field” for labels like laka, raw fusion, sonar kollektiv, frisbee tracks and nine2five to name a few. he comes with a great soulful detroit influenced melodic techhouse biggie to save special moments on the dancefloor. all in all a very nice package with two sentimentally ear candys in a very high production quality !!

tony lionni is the new signing here at versatile. listening to papaia one cant help to think that 2008 will be the year that progressive house will make its comeback. it has been a long time since we had heard such a simple and effective kick and bass intro. the hi-hat then come in along with a small acid sound. the filter opens before the rhythm accelerates. in the middle of the track, the main melody gets dropped in, arms raise and the listener gets lost in the darkness of the night. on the b side, shuffle explores the deeper roots of lionni. the title is surely a reference to the beat, which is predominant in this track. once again the hi-hats are up infront mixed to percussive sounds, which undulate to the rhythm of the bass, making this track an essential tool, ready-to-use and be mixed into almost anything.

claude vonstroke returns with his first original record in over a year. this time he partners with long time friend and upcoming producer, christian martin. this is a melodic hybrid of techno and house with influences as far away as drum n bass. the flip side features a remix by super hot producer gabriel ananda and newcomer alice rose. they playfully twist the main theme throughout, sprinkling in stabs to the constantly building groove. many people have said the original record sounds like a follow-up to >whos afraid of detroit?< but we will let you decide what to think for yourself.

tony lionni is the new signing here at versatile. born in liverpool, his love for the music was passed on to him by his father, a record collector and former dj, who introduced him to crate-digging at the early age of eight. his roots stem from black music. hip-hop will become his musical bases before he discovers the acid-house explosion at the mythical hacienda in manchester. he naturally starts mixing in the late 80s/early 90s, playing a mixture of rare groove, deep-jazz, deep house, etc. he then turns to production and is noticed by gilb-rs fine-tuned ears who signs him on the spot. releases on labels like wavetec and mule musiq are planned further in the year. listening to papaia one cant help to think that 2008 will be the year that progressive house will make its comeback. it has been a long time since we had heard such a simple and effective kick and bass intro. the hi-hat then come in along with a small acid sound. the filter opens before the rhythm accelerates. in the middle of the track, the main melody gets dropped in, arms raise and the listener gets lost in the darkness of the night. on the b side, shuffle explores the deeper roots of lionni. the title is surely a reference to the beat, which is predominant in this track. once again the hi-hats are up infront mixed to percussive sounds, which undulate to the rhythm of the bass, making this track an essential tool, ready-to-use and be mixed into almost anything

hyperdub kick off 2008 they way they intend to proceed, with new tracks from a new artist. on her debut release, ikonika comes with her own very unique, warped yet soulful bleep sound. with shape shifting beats that switch styles every few bars its hard to pin these two tracks down... cos if it was easy, it just wouldnt be hyperdub. both tunes are one minute minimal, one minute maximal, driven along by ikonikas special combination of wonky synth and deep swingin sub bass melodies that place them somewhere between an early, blocky grime instrumental and the sweeter side of detroit techno ? except with better bass of course! who needs a vocalist when your synth can sing like this? quite how kode9 manages to keep unveiling new producers of such abundant talent is a conun drum, but one to be cracked some other time when we?re not so busy keeping up with his astonishing labels ceaseless march into the future.

uncompromising underground techno tunes between genres like detroit and chicago acid-house

incl format b remix !! the 6th release on david keno s own imprint comes with a deep harmonic bass and a fragile synthline embedded in a pushing groove. berlin s format b don t have to be introduced any more because everyone knows their incredible releases and remixes on highgrade, stil vor talent, opossum or great stuff. their pattexremix is more stripped down and rough than the original what brings more rave attitude to the dancefloors. that is why we love these guys so much.

the bass heavy >mallorca< is featured in remixes by mood music head honcho sasse and composts newcomers marbert rocel, while llorca from paris has turned >incredible< into a club banger. the brothers javi and luis aka wagon cookin are lucky buggers. their recent album >2faces< is getting tons of props from illustrious supporters like osunlade, king britt, laurent garnier, rainer trüby or llorca. then christian prommer picked up their first single >start to play< and conducted a true remix masterpiece reaping even more flatteries from ben watt, jimpster, ashley beadle, markus enochson… in summer time you can find the guys chillin on their favourite mediterranen rock: mallorca. they like this place that much that they even made a song about it which turned out to be the best kept secret from >2faces< - a bass heavy groove monster and deejays fave which finally sees its well deserved release on vinyl to be played out loud in the clubs. and as this wasnt enough reason to celebrate, mood music head honcho sasse lindblad and french connection ludovic llorca (of f-com fame) check in to deliever top notch remixes of >mallorca< and the b-side track >incredible<. last but not least compost newcomers marbert rocel join the gang to make their debut as remixers, and the result is quite impressive - althought their version of >mallorca< is a little bit more dancefloor orientated than their >speed emotions< album material. enjoy!

williams is back with a brand new 12inch for get physical, el baile. the lead track immediately enthrals with its galloping kick, snare and analogue bass pattern, before a typically williams-eque, fat but understated electro motif, phased chords and crisp percussion edits propel it onwards into the heart of the dancefloor. >the unbearable truth< is a thrillingly modern, moody take on the straight-up acid track. a devastatingly simple, bending acid line lies at the heart of the track, but its the way the uncompromisingly linear beat and one-note bassline play off it that really makes this track fly. house music to get lost inside. >kiss of life< sounds every bit as vital and reviving as its title implies. its beauty lies in the intricate and expressive interplay of synths: beginning with a lowslung melodic motif, a more nimble, staccato bassline emerges, before the deep, kosmische-style chords arrive ahead of a powerful breakdown into heads-down techhouse strut.